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1858 Bradford sweets poisoning
The 1858 Bradford sweets poisoning was the arsenic poisoning of more than 200 people in Bradford, England, when sweets accidentally made with arsenic were sold from a market stall. Twenty-one victims died as a result. The event contributed to the passage of the Pharmacy Act 1868 in the United Kingdom and legislation regulating the adulteration of foodstuffs.
==Background==
William Hardaker, known to locals as "Humbug Billy", sold sweets from a stall in the Greenmarket in central Bradford (now the site of Bradford's Arndale Centre). Hardaker purchased his supplies from Joseph Neal, who made the sweets (or "lozenges") on Stone Street a few hundred yards to the north. The lozenges in question were peppermint humbugs, made of peppermint oil incorporated into a base of sugar and gum. However, sugar was expensive (6½d per pound) and so Neal would substitute powdered gypsum (½d per pound) — known as "daff" — for some of the required sugar.〔 The adulteration of foodstuffs with cheaper substances was common at the time and the adulterators employed obscure nicknames ("daff", "multum", "flash", "stuff") to conceal the practice.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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